Ghani khan was a famous pashto poet philosopher and politician from Pakistan. He is considered one of the most prominent poet in pashto literature. He was born on 15 of the march, 1914 in Utmanzai, Charsada, KPK. He is the son of great Bacha Khan. He got his primary education from peshawar then he got admission in Azad School System at Utmanzai. After the matric he went to Dehli and got admission in Jamia Millia Islamia it was an islamic institute, there he studied for one year, then he went to Europe and started tution from Bacha Khan’s friend. Afte that he went to US and got admisssion in sugar technology, but didn’t complete his degree due to some financial issue, he was unable to afford his fee. After that he come back to home and went to india and got admission with Andra Ghandi in journalism. At that time he was interested in painting and sculpture. The remaining paragraph will discus his political life, litrary works, and specially his sufi poetry and some special influence on ghani khan’s work.
Politics of ghani khan was complex . In every first step he supported his father’s ideology (non voilence) and he was the opposite of british raj. He wanted freedom for nation he struggled for independent nation, we can judge his struggle frim his poetry. How could he motivated nation for freedom, there are some lines of his poetry
پاسہ ننگیالیہ! نن دلبر او جانان اوگټہ
نوم دپختون اوگټہ ناموس دافغان اوگټہ
ټول جہان حیران کړہ د خپل ځان پہ تماشہ
اے داحمد ځویہ اے بچیہ د شیر شاہ
these lines are the proofs of his struggle to aware the pakhtoon nation. One another most popular poem of ghani khan is that , it is the national anthem of Afghanistan,
اے ځماوطنہ دا لالونو خزانی زما
ستا ہرہ درہ کی دی تورو نیخانے زما
سترگی می لوگےشہ ستا دخاورو دکورونونہ
عقل می ایری ایری شہ ستا دپارہ د فکرونونہ
Ghani khan struggled for the prosperity of nation , therefore his father ideology and then he left politics and criticize his father ideology and said that the ideology of bacha khan ( abduk ghafar) is nit binifical for nation. There are some special influences on Ghani khan works and life. The mystical poetry of Maulam Rami was inspired Ghami khan. In Pashto literature khushal khan khatak poetry was embrassed Ghani. The influenced of Iqbal and Ghalib were very high on him, western Philosopher like Nietche and camus were affected Ghani khan. The Influence on Ghani khan of Pashton culture, tradition and Pashto folklore and osal tradition were very much high on him. He was deeply inspired from philosophy and activism of Bacha khan. Ghani khan Poetry is a message of love and brotherhood. He firmiy belives in the great Potential of man and the power within his soul and considered it the best and most beloved of God in the entire universe. He wanted this world to be the cardle of love. He believed in the equality of all human beings and in his poetry he preached the teaching of humility and moral rectitude.
Ghanikhan’s poetry covers atleast every aspect of life, ranging form freedom to patrotism, mysticism to rationalism, romanticism to realism, nature to materialism, along with ignorance and exploitation of common people from the hand of lord, khans, Mullahs and clerics. His complex philosophical thinking, unstructured and innovative poetries style is full of mystical elements and his poetry has a peculiar place in Pashto literature.
Ghani khan literature is full of mysticism. He wrote many poems on some of major theme of mysticism /sufism i.e, life death, Paradise hell, fate, nature and the existance of God, divine and human love, and all above beauty which remained the center piece of his Poetry expression, feelings and thoughts. He was poet of love, beauty nature and imagination. He even beloved that the love of beauty is equal to love of God and Vice verse. In one of his Poem he Says” Just as the Victory cannot be Won Without the use of sword in the same Way, you cannot see God without loving beauty.” According to Ghani khan, the Supremacy and greatness of human beings over other living creatures is due to emotion of love. He says “A heart without love is like a Wilted flower. Ghani khan considers love as a special gift of God bestowed upon human. He said
ستورو تہ اسمان کی یوہ ورځ ووے ھلال
خدائے آدم لہ مینہ ورکړہ او مونڙ لہ تش جمال
زہ بہہ خندا ورکړم داخپل خائست دکمال
مالہ کہ یو ساسکے مینہ راکړی سوک پہ سوال
مینہ حقیقت حسن سایہ د حقیقت دہ
حسن لہ زوال شتہ مینہ نہ لری زوال
Once the moon tells the star in heaven that God gave man Infinite love and beauty. Guys give me my daily beauty as a drop of love, because love is reality and beauty is her shadow. The beauty is deadly while love is immortal. Ghani khan want to reach through love of his beloved to the highest spiritual level. According to him its love that make human recognized the creator\God. He considered love as the eyes aware of God.
Ghamikham considered his love for beloved one, as the way to see the real love of God.
ھغے وی مینہ غضب دے سړےړوند شی نا بینا شی
ماوی خدائے تہ بینا سترگی تل جھان تہ نا بینا شی
Ghamikham’s Poetry covers at least every aspect of life. He wrote many poems. the theme of his poetry closed to Sufism like existance of God, life and death, divine and human life love all above beauty. be which remained the center piece of his poetry expression, feeling and thoughts. To him beauty is ultimate proof of the existance of nature and God. Ghani khan was a mystic / Sufi poet and religious scholar but his mystical thoughts are pure and deep.His poetry has rejected the traditional styles of mystical approaches, rather than focus on modernist style and tried to introduce man with himself, awaken his Khudi in order to Stimulate his originality. He was contended to the creater and he has love for the humanity free from any greediness, hypocracy, and jealousy.
BY: MUZAMIL AHMAD
